You might already know that lockdown policies are a tough thing to put together. But it's important that schools get it right. Otherwise lives can be put at risk. To help wrap your head around the idea, here are some of the most common questions asked when putting one together and examining what your priorities should be.

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1. What is a school lockdown, and should it be used?

A lockdown is a way for your school to make sure all pupils and staff are safe in the event of an emergency or threat from outside the school by requiring them to come inside and secure the site. It should be initiated when being outside of the school area is considered a danger.

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2. How are school lockdown procedures different from other emergency protocols?

Lockdowns are different from other emergencies like a fire. The affected school’s population are expected to come indoors and stay there. Depending on the kind of emergency, all windows and doors should be covered and locked with students being positioned away from areas visible to the outside. This helps to avoid attention from dangers and keeps people away from any harm through vulnerable areas.

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3. What types of threats could warrant a school lockdown?

There are a few threats that could cause a lockdown and it would be impossible to list them all. It's also important to note that some threats are very location specific. Such as being close to a main road or maybe near to dangerous wildlife. Here are some examples, though you should always analyse your immediate area and what kind of risks are relevant to you. The response should also _{always be measured against the case:}

• _{Nearby civil disturbance or fires in the area}
• Gas leaks, smokes from chemical fires and other chemical exposure risks
• An intruder on school grounds
•  A reported threat to the school e.g. terrorism

An invacuation differs from a lockdown in that the staff want all students to remain indoors but the present threat poses no harm to them, and the day can continue. This may involve:

• Animals on or near the school grounds
• A nearby incident has happened, and the threat has left, but you don’t want the students to see any aftermath
• A dangerous object has been discovered outside the school or nearby and police investigation requires people be away from the area.

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4. How are parents and guardians notified during a school lockdown?

To avoid parents and guardians from coming to the school when there could be a danger, which can be a particular issue at pick up time in primary school, emergency services should be the first ones you contact this allows officers to provide reassurance and safety ASAP. After which, messages can be sent out notifying that a lockdown has occurred and avoid the area.

After the emergency has been resolved, a more detailed notification could be sent to keep people in the loop and to let them know when they'll be able to come and collect the pupils.

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5. What steps should students and staff take when a lockdown is announced?

When a threat has been noticed in or near the school, it's important that an alarm is raised, stopping others from coming in contact with the danger. When a lockdown has been announced, students and staff should move to the nearest safe area and make an effort to secure it. This will involve locking any doors and windows, drawing any blinds/ curtains to avoid vision outside, switching off any devices that produce light or noise and the closing of ventilation in the case of dangerous gases/chemicals. The goal of these basic procedures is to defend the schools population from any harm, obscure your destination from any threats and to buy time for emergency services to arrive.

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6. What are the designated safe areas within a school building and how are they identified?

A safe area is very dependent on the layout of a school. The best case would be a large room that is able to hold a large volume of students and staff, preferably deep within the school both so that there are less windows and so that intruders need to pass through more doors that can be locked to reach the area. In many cases, a safe area is simply a room or building that can be completely shut off from outside with all its windows and doors locking and containing areas that avoid vision.

7. How frequently are lockdown drills conducted, and what is their purpose?

A lockdown drill should be done just as often as your fire alarm drills. The threats that result in a lockdown are just as serious as fires and should be treated as such. It’s also a good idea that these drills be performed at different times during the day so that children and staff know how to react from different areas. They're important for educating the school on what needs to be done in the case of an emergency ensuring that the response is quick and effective as opposed to panicked.

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8. What communication is used to update the school community during a lockdown?

A few different systems can be used to alert the school of a lockdown. The DfE require that a school lockdown alarm system have a different sound from the fire alarm and so the fire alarm can't be used in these situations. There are tools designed for this exact purpose however. One such system is LOCAS, the school lockdown alert system that has been designed with multiple warnings and alarms for alerting the school to a situation at the press of a button.

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9. How is a school lockdown policy reviewed and updated to ensure its effectiveness?

A school lockdown policy should be reviewed often with reference to governing bodies suggestions for effective procedure. (We will soon be working with Lisa Broad to build a comprehensive policy for effective invacuation and lockdown plans.)

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If you're unsure where to start with your own policy, you can contact us and we are more than happy to help.